| Political Journey | - She became a member of Indian National Congress in 1970.
- Mamata served as the General Secretary of state 'Mahila Morcha' of the Congress party from 1976 to 1980.
- After defeating veteran Communist politician Somnath Chatterjee from the Jadavpur parliamentary Constituency in West Bengal in 1984 general elections, she became one of the youngest parliamentarians ever.
- She also served as the General Secretary of Indian Youth Congress.
- Due to the anti-incumbency, Mamata lost her seat in 1989 Lok Sabha elections.
- Mamata was again elected as a Lok Sabha MP from Dakshin Bengal in 1991 general elections and kept on winning the seat in 1996, 1998, 1999, 2004, and 2009 elections.
- She was made the Union Minister of State for Human Resources Development, Youth Affairs and Sports, and Women and Child Development in 1991. She was discharged of her portfolios in 1993.
- Mamata then left the Congress Party in 1997 and established All India Trinamool Congress the exact same year.
- After there was a hung assembly in the Centre in 1999 elections, she joined the BJP led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) as an ally and was given the charge of Railway Ministry.
- In 2001, she ended her ties with the NDA and went on to join hands with Congress Party for the then West Bengal Assembly elections.
- She returned to the NDA in January 2004 and was named the Coals and Mines Minister of India until the dissolution of Lok Sabha in May 2004.
- For the parliamentary elections 2009, she joined hands with the Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA). On coming to power, INC named her the Central Railway Minister.
- To hold the chair of Chief Minister of West Bengal in May 2011, she stepped down from the Union Ministry of Railways.
- She again became the Chief Minister of West Bengal in 2016.
- In the 2021 West Bengal Assembly Elections, she lost the Nandigram seat to her former aide and BJP’s Suvendu Adhikari by 1736 votes.
- On 5 May 2021, she was sworn in as the Chief Minister of West Bengal for the third time in a row.
- On 2 February 2022, she was re-elected as the Trinamool Congress (TMC) chairperson.
- In the 2011 West Bengal Assembly Elections, the Trinamool Congress won 184 out of 294 seats, ending 34 years of Communist rule in the state.
- In the 2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly Election, the All India Trinamool Congress lost to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and Mamata Banerjee lost her Bhabanipur seat to Suvendu Adhikari.
- Banerjee declared the 2026 election as rigged, refused to resign voluntarily, and claimed the mandate was stolen, leading to a constitutional confrontation.
- On 7 May 2026, West Bengal Governor R.N. Ravi dissolved the assembly upon the conclusion of its five-year term, forfeiting Banerjee's office as Chief Minister after she declined to step down.
- Following the TMC's defeat, Governor R.N. Ravi dismissed Mamata Banerjee’s council of ministers on Wednesday, ending the party’s 15-year tenure in the state.
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| Notable Achievements | - First woman Chief Minister of West Bengal
- Ended 34 years of Left Front communist rule in West Bengal
- Introduced major welfare schemes including Kanyashree, Sabooj Sathi, Swasthya Sathi, and Rupashree
- Led historic land movements in Singur and Nandigram that toppled the Left Front government
- Returned 400 acres of land to Singur farmers upon becoming Chief Minister in 2011
- Served as Chief Minister of West Bengal for three consecutive terms (2011–2016, 2016–2021, 2021–2026)
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